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Differences in EETs: Children or sons? Galatians 3:26

Discussion in 'Bible Versions & Translations' started by franklinmonroe, Mar 15, 2009.

  1. franklinmonroe

    franklinmonroe Active Member

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    Notice these early English translations at Galatians 3:26 --
    For alle ye ben the children of God thoruy the bileue of Jhesu Crist. (Wycliffe)

    For ye are all the sonnes of God by ye fayth which is in Christ Iesus. (Tyndale)

    For ye are al the sonnes of God by faith, in Christ Iesus. (Geneva)

    For you are all the sons of God, by the faith which is in Christ Jesus. (Yes Word [Matthews])

    For ye all are the children of God by the faith in Christ Iesu. (Coverdale)

    For ye all are the chyldren of God, because ye beleve in Christ Jesu. (Great Bible)

    For ye are all the chyldren of God by fayth in Christe Iesu. (Bishops')

    For ye are all the children of God by faith in Christ Jesus. (KJV)
    The Greek word being translated here is huios (Strong's #5207); it is rendered in the KJV as "son" over 300 times and "child(ren)" just 49 times (miscellaneously as something else 14 times). The most common Greek word translating into English as "child" is teknon (Strong's #5043). Of course, Wycliffe is translating a Latin word filii which means 'sons' (I think).

    Why have some versions chosen "children" rather than the more literal "sons"? Is this an example of dynamic equivalence? Is this an attempt at gender neutrality?

    For a converse situation see this thread --
    http://www.baptistboard.com/showthread.php?t=56540
     
    #1 franklinmonroe, Mar 15, 2009
    Last edited by a moderator: Mar 15, 2009
  2. franklinmonroe

    franklinmonroe Active Member

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    The interchanging of "sons" and "children" begins earlier in the chapter (Galatians 3:7 where the Greek word is huios) --
    And therfor knowe ye, that these that ben of bileue, ben the sones of Abraham. (Wycliffe)

    Vnderstonde therfore yt they which are of fayth the same are the chyldren of Abraham. (Tyndale)

    Understand therefore, that they which are of faith, the same are the children of Abraham. (Yes Word [Matthews])

    Knowe ye therefore, that they which are of faith, the same are the children of Abraham. (Geneva)

    Thus ye knowe, that they which are of faith, are Abrahams children. (Coverdale)

    (I do not have the text of the Great Bible at hand.)

    Knowe ye therfore, that they which are of fayth, the same are the chyldren of Abraham. (Bishops')

    Know ye therefore that they which are of faith, the same are the children of Abraham. (KJV)
    Notice that now Wycliffe has "sons" for the Latin word filii. Tyndale, Matthews, and the Geneva have used "children" here, inconsistent with their rendering in 3:26. The parallel drawn in this passage by the author between the "sons/children" of Abraham and the "sons/children" of God should be obvious; why then have some of the translators been inconsistent in their terms?
     
  3. franklinmonroe

    franklinmonroe Active Member

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    There is no further interchanging of terms by the KJV in the continuing thoughts of the author. The English words indicating either 'child(ren)' or 'son(s)' found in Chapter 4 of Galatians (all verses from KJV) --
    Now I say, [That] the heir, as long as he is a child, differeth nothing from a servant, though he be lord of all;
    But is under tutors and governors until the time appointed of the father.
    Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the elements of the world:

    • In verses 1 & 3: nepios (Strongs #3516) meaning 'infant', 'babe', 'young child'

    But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law,
    • In verse 4: huios (Strongs #5207) meaning 'son'

    To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.
    • In verse 5: huiothesia (Strongs #5206) meaning 'the adoption of sons'

    And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba, Father.
    Wherefore thou art no more a servant, but a son; and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ.

    • In verses 6 & 7: huios (Strongs #5207) meaning 'son'

    My little children, of whom I travail in birth again until Christ be formed in you,
    • In verse 19: teknion (Strong's #5040) meaning 'little child'

    For it is written, that Abraham had two sons, the one by a bondmaid, the other by a freewoman.
    • In verse 22: huios (Strongs #5207) meaning 'son'

    For it is written, Rejoice, [thou] barren that bearest not; break forth and cry, thou that travailest not: for the desolate hath many more children than she which hath an husband.
    Now we, brethren, as Isaac was, are the children of promise.

    • In verses 27 & 28: teknon (Strong's #5043) meaning 'offspring', 'child'

    Nevertheless what saith the scripture? Cast out the bondwoman and her son: for the son of the bondwoman shall not be heir with the son of the freewoman.
    • In verse 30: huios (Strongs #5207) meaning 'son'

    So then, brethren, we are not children of the bondwoman, but of the free.
    • In verse 31: teknon (Strong's #5043) meaning 'offspring', 'child'
    The translation of the Greek words nepios, huiothesia, and teknion all seem to appropriately correspond to their definitions. The KJV has rendered huios as "Son", "sons", or "son" in 7 of 7 occurrences, and teknon as "children" in 3 of 3 occurrences in this passage. So, why was huios rendered as "children" in previous chapter by the same translators?
     
    #3 franklinmonroe, Mar 16, 2009
    Last edited by a moderator: Mar 16, 2009
  4. Logos1560

    Logos1560 Well-Known Member
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    When other translations do the same thing at other verses as the KJV does at this one, KJV-only advocates will usually complain about it or condemn it.

    Will they praise the NKJV for having "sons" at Galatians 3:26 in agreement with the 1560 Geneva Bible?
     
  5. Logos1560

    Logos1560 Well-Known Member
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    Here are a couple more examples where the same difference between the 1560 Geneva Bible and the 1611 KJV exists.

    Matt. 27:56 sons (Geneva) children (KJV)

    Luke 20:36 sons of God (Geneva) children of God (KJV)
     
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