1. Welcome to Baptist Board, a friendly forum to discuss the Baptist Faith in a friendly surrounding.

    Your voice is missing! You will need to register to get access to all the features that our community has to offer.

    We hope to see you as a part of our community soon and God Bless!

True Church _IS_ True Israel

Discussion in 'Baptist Theology & Bible Study' started by Bismarck, Sep 28, 2007.

  1. Bismarck

    Bismarck New Member

    Joined:
    Mar 4, 2006
    Messages:
    279
    Likes Received:
    0
    Matthew 2
    14 So Joseph got up and took the Child and His mother while it was still night, and left for Egypt.
    15 He remained there until the death of Herod. This was to fulfill what had been spoken by the Lord through the prophet: "OUT OF EGYPT I CALLED MY SON" [Hosea 11:1].

    (1) Hosea 11:1 clearly refers to the nation of Israel, as it is written, "Then you shall say to Pharaoh, 'Thus says YHWH, "Israel is My son, My firstborn"'" [Ex 4:22]. Cf. Isaiah 63:16; Isaiah 64:8; Jeremiah 31:9.

    Yet, Matt 2:15 clearly refers to the Messiah, an individual (cf. Isaiah 49:3-6). What is the resolution??

    (2) The Messiah represents the True Church, the "Body of Christ" (John 2:21). Members of the True Church are, metaphorically, "members" of that "body" (1 Cor 6:15,12:24; Eph 2:19,3:6,4:25,5:30; Col 3:15).


    CONCLUSION: Matt 2:15 shows that the Messiah, representing the "Body of True Believers in Christ" which is the True Church, is regarded as the (spiritual) Nation of Israel.

    The True Church is True Israel. Cf. Romans 4:16, which shows that True Believers are spiritual "sons of Abraham".
     
  2. DHK

    DHK <b>Moderator</b>

    Joined:
    Jul 13, 2000
    Messages:
    37,982
    Likes Received:
    137
    Here is my take on your post.
    A heretic called Origen introduced allegorization as a method of interpreting the Bible. Before that time it was unknown among believers.
    One of Catholicism's heroes, "St. Augustine" popularized this method of interpretation.
    Now you are succumbing to the same method of interpretation. Well, why not? If we allegorize one part of the Bible we may as well allegorize any part of the Bible we want. The J.W.'s allegorize his resurrection, for example, and say it is only a "spiritual" resurrection, and not a physical resurrection at all.

    Israel was a real physical nation. This nation had nothing to do with the church which began on the Day of Pentecost. In fact the Jews had to be convinced of the message of salvation through Christ by signs and wonders. The speaking in tongues on the day of Pentecost was a sign to the Jews, a fulfillment of the prophecy of Joel, that this was a message to the Jews. Likewise everytime tongues was used it was a sign to the Jews that this was a message for the Jews (1Cor.14:21,22). They rejected the gospel and they rejected the accompanying signs, and judgment eventually came in 70 A.D.

    The church did not start in 70 A.D.; the church started shortly after the resurrection which was in 29 A.D. The church is not Israel. They co-existed side by side.
     
  3. Bismarck

    Bismarck New Member

    Joined:
    Mar 4, 2006
    Messages:
    279
    Likes Received:
    0
    Israel existed after crucifying the Messiah?

    And, how do you explain that the Messiah (one individual) is related to Hosea 11:1, which deals with Israel (nation, many individuals)?

    What is orthodoxy, according to you?
     
  4. DHK

    DHK <b>Moderator</b>

    Joined:
    Jul 13, 2000
    Messages:
    37,982
    Likes Received:
    137
    Why do I have the feeling that you are starting another "Replacement Theology" thread, but just under another name?
    Are you going to deny that Jews existed in the NT, even though God commanded the Apostles and others to go to them. This is really unbelievable. Everywhere that Paul went on three missionary journeys he went to the Jew first. He was continually found in their synagogues preaching the gospel. How can you say that there were no Jews after the crucifixion? What was Paul doing in synagogues if there were no Jews?

    Please tell me the meaning of these verses:

    Romans 9:1-4 I say the truth in Christ, I lie not, my conscience also bearing me witness in the Holy Ghost, That I have great heaviness and continual sorrow in my heart. For I could wish that myself were accursed from Christ for my brethren, my kinsmen according to the flesh: Who are Israelites; to whom pertaineth the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law, and the service of God, and the promises;

    and:
    Romans 10:1 Brethren, my heart's desire and prayer to God for Israel is, that they might be saved.
    --Here in Rom.10:1 Paul addresses "brethren," that is "brothers in Christ," of believers. He tells them that his desire and prayer to God is for ISRAEL to be saved.
    The epistle to the Romans was written about 63 A.D., more than 30 years after Pentecost, after the beginning of the church. Did Israel and the church exist at the same time. The Scriptures say they did. Do you believe the Scriptures?
    Hosea 11:1 When Israel was a child, then I loved him, and called my son out of Egypt.
    --The literal meaning of this verse is exactly what it says. In Egypt Israel was but a child, a small group of tribes loosely tied together--in that way a child. It was not until Moses brought them out of Egypt to Mount Sinai that under the leadership of Moses, was Israel incorporated into a nation, a theocracy, under God. When Israel was a child (small), then I loved him (as one does a child), and called my son (my child) out of Egypt. What is so puzzling about the literal interpretation of that verse. Read the rest of the chapter and you will find that it fits.
     
  5. Bismarck

    Bismarck New Member

    Joined:
    Mar 4, 2006
    Messages:
    279
    Likes Received:
    0
    Romans 11
    1 I say then, God has not rejected His people, has He? May it never be! For I too am an Israelite, a descendant of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin.
    2 God has not rejected His people whom He foreknew. Or do you not know what the Scripture says in the passage about Elijah, how he pleads with God against Israel?
    3 "Lord, THEY HAVE KILLED YOUR PROPHETS, THEY HAVE TORN DOWN YOUR ALTARS, AND I ALONE AM LEFT, AND THEY ARE SEEKING MY LIFE."
    4 But what is the divine response to him? "I HAVE KEPT FOR MYSELF SEVEN THOUSAND MEN WHO HAVE NOT BOWED THE KNEE TO BAAL."
    5 In the same way then, there has also come to be at the present time a remnant according to God's gracious choice.




    Romans was written in the winter of 57/58 AD, at the end of Paul's Third Missionary Journey (54-58 AD).

    At that time, all that was left of Israel was a remnant: namely, those Jews who Believed in the Messiah. There were about 30,000 of these in Jerusalem alone (Acts 21:20).

    This is the whole point of Paul's Olive Tree analogy:

    Romans 11
    14 if somehow I might move to jealousy my fellow countrymen and save some of them.
    15 For if their rejection is the reconciliation of the world, what will their acceptance be but life from the dead?
    16 If the first piece of dough is holy, the lump is also; and if the root is holy, the branches are too.
    17 But if some of the branches were broken off, and you, being a wild olive, were grafted in among them and became partaker with them of the rich root of the olive tree,
    18 do not be arrogant toward the branches; but if you are arrogant, remember that it is not you who supports the root, but the root supports you.
    19 You will say then, "Branches were broken off so that I might be grafted in."
    20 Quite right, they were broken off for their unbelief, but you stand by your faith. Do not be conceited, but fear;
    21 for if God did not spare the natural branches, He will not spare you, either.
    22 Behold then the kindness and severity of God; to those who fell, severity, but to you, God's kindness, if you continue in His kindness; otherwise you also will be cut off.
    23 And they also, if they do not continue in their unbelief, will be grafted [back] in, for God is able to graft them in again.
    24 For if you were cut off from what is by nature a wild olive tree, and were grafted contrary to nature into a cultivated olive tree, how much more will these who are the natural branches be grafted [back] into their own olive tree?
    25 For I do not want you, brethren, to be uninformed of this mystery--so that you will not be wise in your own estimation--that a partial hardening has happened to Israel until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in;
    26 and so all Israel will be saved; just as it is written,
    "THE DELIVERER WILL COME FROM ZION,
    HE WILL REMOVE UNGODLINESS FROM JACOB."
    27 "THIS IS MY COVENANT WITH THEM,
    WHEN I TAKE AWAY THEIR SINS."
    28 From the standpoint of the gospel they are enemies for your sake, but from the standpoint of God's choice they are beloved for the sake of the fathers;
    29 for the gifts and the calling of God are irrevocable.
    30 For just as you once were disobedient to God, but now have been shown mercy because of their disobedience,
    31 so these also now have been disobedient, that because of the mercy shown to you they also may now be shown mercy.



    The Olive Tree represents Israel:
    • Olive Tree = Israel.
    • Roots = Patriarchs (Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, may God rest their souls).
    • Trunk = Unified Israel (Joshua, Judges, I&II Samuel, I Kings)
    • Natural Branches = Divided & Scattered Israel (I&II Kings; Lost Tribes, Diaspora)
    • Wild Branches = Believing Goyim ("Noahides")
    Of the Natural Branches, many already by 58 AD were "enemies", "broken off" because of their "disobedience" and "unbelief". However, there were also many others who were still part of the Olive Tree of Israel. These Messianic Jews, like James, Peter, the Twelve, and the whole Jerusalem congregation of roughly 30,000 (Acts 21:20), were preserved by YHWH-God as a "remnant" to fulfill His oaths to Abraham.

    The True Church is Israel, which includes both Believing Goyim (spiritual sons of Abraham; Gal 3:7) and Believing Hebrews (faithful blood sons of Abraham; Rom 4:12).

    Romans 9
    6 But it is not as though the word of God has failed. For they are not all Israel who are descended from Israel;
    7 nor are they all children because they are Abraham's descendants, but: "THROUGH ISAAC YOUR DESCENDANTS WILL BE NAMED."
    8 That is, it is not the children of the flesh who are children of God, but the children of the promise are regarded as descendants.
    9 For this is the word of promise: "AT THIS TIME I WILL COME, AND SARAH SHALL HAVE A SON."



    What possible rebuttle is there to Romans 9:6-9? Disobedient children are legally disowned.
     
  6. Bismarck

    Bismarck New Member

    Joined:
    Mar 4, 2006
    Messages:
    279
    Likes Received:
    0
    Did I say there were no Jews? No. I said, in effect, those Jews were no longer legally Israel in the eyes of YHWH-God.


    Please do not omit context in your selective quotations. I add verses 5-6:
    Romans 9:5-6
    5 whose [are] the fathers; and of whom, as according to flesh, [is] the Christ, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen.
    6 Not however as though the word of God had failed; for not all [are] Israel which [are] of Israel

    Can this be more clear? Israel "according to the flesh" is not the true, legal Israel in the Eyes of YHWH-God.

    "To be" in the potential future tense. Paul hopes that his ministry can bring his blood kin back into the fold, because they are, at that time, not saved and not part of the true spiritual Israel. You cannot be "accursed of Christ" (Romans 9:3) and part of the true spiritual Israel.


    Jews != true spiritual Israel. As it is written in Scripture:
    Matthew 3:9
    And do not think to say within yourselves, 'We have Abraham for [our] father'; for I say unto you, that God is able of these stones to raise up children to Abraham.

    That, indeed, is the whole point. It is not enough to "rest on your laurels" and claim salvation by blood lineage.

    Israel "according to the flesh" existed. That is, the Unbelieving Jews.

    Israel according to the spirit, the True Israel, also existed. That is, the Believing Jews and Believing Gentiles.

    That is what Scripture says, in plain language.


    "Tribes" plural, and each tribe is composed of "people" plural. According to Scripture, the "child" Israel numbered an estimated 3,000,000 people (Ex 12:37, 38:26; Num. 1:46).

    Is that "small"?

    If we agree to call that "small", it still begs the question, how one man (Messiah) can represent millions ("Israel" in Hos 11:1).
     
  7. DHK

    DHK <b>Moderator</b>

    Joined:
    Jul 13, 2000
    Messages:
    37,982
    Likes Received:
    137
    Where in Hos.11:1 does it say (or is supposed to say) that one man represents millions? I fail to see your point.
     
  8. Bismarck

    Bismarck New Member

    Joined:
    Mar 4, 2006
    Messages:
    279
    Likes Received:
    0
    This is NOT "replacement theology".

    Nothing was replaced (!). There was only a "development".

    Abraham is still the "root" of True Israel.

    King David is still the "trunk" of True Israel.

    And many of the "natural branches" are still part of the Olive Tree. There are many Messianic Jewish congregations the world over, including one or two near me (and I live in the boonies).

    At heart, the Olive Tree of Israel is still there. The only footnote is, some of the "natural branches" (unbelieving Jews) have been cast aside, and "wild branches" (Believing gentiles) grafted in, in their steads.

    As a footnote to that footnote, I offer that the capitalization clearly indicates what the respective groups valued more. The "unbelieving Jews" valued their blood pedigree most, whereas the "Believing gentiles" valued Faith in YHWH-God and His Messiah most.

    I pray that YHWH-God gives Christians the strength and wit and wisdom to earnestly do His Will, that they might thereby, as Paul foresaw, trigger in the Jews / Hebrews their old fervor for YHWH, that they too might be re-grafted back into the Olive Tree of True Spiritual Israel. Amen.
     
    #8 Bismarck, Sep 29, 2007
    Last edited by a moderator: Sep 29, 2007
  9. Bismarck

    Bismarck New Member

    Joined:
    Mar 4, 2006
    Messages:
    279
    Likes Received:
    0
    Doesn't Hosea 11:1 refer to the "Israel" of Exodus 4:22, the Book of Exodus, the Book of Numbers, etc?

    Wasn't Israel, at that time, according to Scripture, 600,000 fighting men and their families? (From which scholars estimate 2-3 million people total, including wives and children.)
     
  10. DeafPosttrib

    DeafPosttrib New Member

    Joined:
    Apr 9, 2002
    Messages:
    2,662
    Likes Received:
    0
    Bismarck,

    Amen, well saying! :thumbs:

    I do not believe in Replacement Theology. Church never replaced Israel at calvary or at Pentacost Day. Church is Israel, Israel is Church.

    Not long time ago(few years ago). I realized that Matthew 16:18-19 is very clear refer with Genesis 32:28. There are three important (key) words comparing of Gen. 32:28 and Matt. 16:18-19.

    Genesis 32:28 -

    "Power"
    "men"
    "prevailed"

    Comparing to Matt. 16:18-19-

    "Church"- people
    "prevail" - sucessful
    "keys" - power

    Notice, Genesis 32:28 DOESN'T SAY, "...and with Jews(or Hebrews)" . God told Jacob, "...and with men". Men simple means people, of ANY races, ANY nations.

    Matt. 16:18 says, "I will built my church". Christ doesn't say, "I will built Gentilles', neither, He says, "I will rebuilt Israel(future restoration Jewish nation). Simple, he means, "I will built my people." He means that, He built both Jews and Gentiles all nations over the world.

    Christ tells us, he shall give the 'keys' to the church to loose out both heaven and earth. 'Keys' means power. When did the Church receives 'keys'? At Pentacost Day after Calvary. For what? Spreading the gospel of the kingdom over the world.

    Rev. 1:18 tells us, Christ have the keys of hell and death. That means, He already defeated death and hell at Calvary & resurrection. So, therefore, Christ already given the keys to the Church to spreading the gospel of the kingdom over the world - Rev. 20:1-4. Satan was defeated by Calvary 2,000 years ago. So, we now have the keys(power) from Chruist by sent Holy Spirit upon us at Pentacost Day.

    Actual, 'Israel' means God's people. Also, we should be aware that Christ is Israel.

    Romans chapter 11 gives us the picture of 'Olive Tree' is speak of Jesus Christ. Having Christ, we are already in him. He is the Olive Tree.

    Both John 15:1-6 and Romans 11:19-23 warn us, if we do not endure or abide in Christ, we shall be cut off. We should fear of the Lord.

    God only have ONE people, not divided people. Christ already reconciled both Jews and Gentiles unity became ONE by Calvary in Ephesians 2:14-16.

    That why I do not agree with Dispensationalism's teaching that 'Israel' and 'Church' are distiction. Bible doesn't teaching it.

    In Christ
    Rev. 22:20 -Amen!
     
  11. DeafPosttrib

    DeafPosttrib New Member

    Joined:
    Apr 9, 2002
    Messages:
    2,662
    Likes Received:
    0
    Also, I would like to add one thing to say.

    Church doesn't replaced Israel. Israel is now expanding! Because Gentiles are now grafted upon the Olive Tree join with believing Jews. That what "Israel" is all about.

    In Christ
    Rev. 22:20 -Amen!
     
  12. DHK

    DHK <b>Moderator</b>

    Joined:
    Jul 13, 2000
    Messages:
    37,982
    Likes Received:
    137
    All right. I'll be patient.
    But Israel, like the word "nation" are collective nouns referring to groups of people--nouns that are singular in nature but referring to plural groups. So one of these nouns (Israel) can't possibly refer to the Messiah, as the Messiah is not a group of people, but only one person. Thus I still don't get the connection.
     
  13. Linda64

    Linda64 New Member

    Joined:
    Jul 31, 2004
    Messages:
    2,051
    Likes Received:
    0
    The True Church is NOT Israel!

    The True Church is NOT Israel, nor will it ever be Israel. This thread is simply the flip side of the Replacement Theology coin--with a different twist.

    I saw the word "Noahide" in this thread. The Noahides are heretical and Christ rejecters. Here's a quote:

    I pray that this is NOT what you are promoting here--because, if it is, you are promoting heresy. Replacement theology is heresy, and so is this kind of stuff.

    Matthew 22:29 Jesus answered and said unto them, Ye do err, not knowing the scriptures, nor the power of God.
     
    #13 Linda64, Sep 29, 2007
    Last edited by a moderator: Sep 29, 2007
  14. David Lamb

    David Lamb Active Member

    Joined:
    Sep 14, 2006
    Messages:
    2,982
    Likes Received:
    0

    I would just like to make clear that (here in the UK at least) there are plenty of churches that believe that Christ's church is the "spiritual Israel", but who would have nothing to do with "Noahide" doctrines, or anything like them.

    Regarding "Replacement Theology", I found in the on-line archives of Evangelical Times an article by about this very thing. It is at: http://www.evangelical-times.org/Website_Pages/ArticleDetail.php?articleID=290 Here are a couple of extracts:

    On the BBC Sunday programme on 12 May [that was in 2002 - DL] there was a feature concerning so-called ‘replacement theology’. Some in Israel and elsewhere are blaming it for an ‘anti-Israeli’ stance in the West.

    So what is ‘replacement theology’? None other than the biblical doctrine that the great promises of God in the Old Testament concerning Israel find their fulfilment in the church of Christ!

    This issue raises a number of fundamental questions which strike at the heart of the gospel. Whatever view we take of Romans 11:26, it is clear that the way of salvation for Jews is, and will always be, the same as for all men — through Christ.

    That means that converted Jews are members of the church of Christ, not of a special ‘Jewish church’. Paul makes this clear when he says that in Christ ‘there is neither Jew nor Gentile’ (Galatians 3:28).

    Again, if we are not allowed to apply Old Testament passages concerning Israel to the church of Christ, it puts a wedge between the testaments, and suggests that the OT has no relevance to Christians.

    This is expressly contradicted by our Lord, who told the Jews that they should find him in all the Scriptures, because they were about him (John 5:39).

    The Old Testament is an integral part of the Christian Scriptures, not an optional addition. Even Abraham was saved through Christ — he rejoiced to see Christ’s day, and was glad (John 8:56).

    Shadow and substance


    According to Hebrews, the church and the gospel are the substance of the OT shadows, the realities behind the old covenant symbols. The old covenant between God and the Jewish nation was ‘ready to vanish away’ (Hebrews 8:13; 9:8-15).

    Many of our hymns reflect this doctrine: ‘Glorious things of thee are spoken, Zion, city of our God!’ Are we prepared to throw all these away and admit they are the product of flawed theology?

    We must hold fast to these truths which are integral to the gospel. We love the Jews for Christ’s sake, and long for their conversion — but we do them no service by failing to preach Christ from the Old Testament.

    It would be ridiculous to view the heroes of faith in Hebrews 11 as belonging to a different religion and excluded from the church. Scripture denies any such thought for, says Hebrews 11:40, they will ‘not be made perfect apart from us’. With us, they will be made perfect, but only as members of Christ’s body, the church!


    I know Christians have varying view on these matters, but I would not want anyone to think that there is any link between believing that the church is the Israel of God, and this Noahide blasphemy that says that Jesus was a false and dangerous prophet.
     
  15. Grasshopper

    Grasshopper Active Member
    Site Supporter

    Joined:
    Apr 19, 2002
    Messages:
    3,385
    Likes Received:
    23


    Bingo!!!!!!!!!!!! Not only is the OT irrelevant but any OT reference made by the NT writers also becomes irrelevant. Finally somebody gets it.



    Bingo Again!!! Physical Israel was a type of Spiritual Israel.
     
  16. Allan

    Allan Active Member

    Joined:
    Jul 26, 2006
    Messages:
    6,902
    Likes Received:
    5
    This is the EXACT SAME theology of Seventh Day Adventists, VERY similar to the Catholics doctrines of the Church.


    However, the wording here much more in line with the Seventh Day's who are much more allegorical in their rendering of scripture than the Catholics (though not by much) and are full preterists. And this is WHY the Church MUST BE Israel.

    Now what is amusing is that both of these groups (SDA and Catholics) are not considered Christian groups and this theology is the very core of their identity.

    Can a Christian hold such doctrines, of course!
    But would it not be something to look at with a skeptical eye?
     
  17. DHK

    DHK <b>Moderator</b>

    Joined:
    Jul 13, 2000
    Messages:
    37,982
    Likes Received:
    137
    Very skeptical.
    Statements that have been made and need to be examined:
    The true church is the true Israel.
    The church has replaced Israel.
    The church is a fulfillment of Israel.
    The church is spiritual Israel.

    Can any one of these statements be true?
    No. Here are some reasons.
    1. After Pentecost (the beginning of the Church), the Apostles differentiated between the Church and Israel. If they did, why shouldn't we.
    2. Paul went to the Jews first and then to the Greek on every one of his missionary journyes. There again was a differentiation.
    3. That differentiation held true right up until 70 A.D. until Jerusalem was destroyed, the Temple also destroyed, and the Jews were scattered. The key word here is "scattered," and not destroyed. They had been scattered a number of times before in their history, but never destroyed.
    4. The worship place of the Jews is the Temple.
    5. The worship place of the believers is the temple (1Cor.6:19.20), but our temple is our body where the Holy Spirit dwells. Thus the "Church" or any church cannot replace Judaism. That type just doesn't fit.
    6. A new ordinance was instituted--baptism. It is a picture of our death to sin, and our resurrection to a new life in Christ as pictured in Rom.6:3,4--and thus the necessity of immersion. This in no way can replace circumcision. Again the type is destroyed. The church cannot replace or be a fulfillment of Israel. It is a separate and totally different entity.
    7. The laws and ceremonies of Judaism were fulfilled on the cross. The Jews may continue with these because they have not accepted Christ as their Messiah. But we as believers have. Christ made an atonement for our sins and put all of these sacrifices to an end, with one sacrifice. However the nation of Israel still exists. They may not be saved. But they still exist. That is why in Romans 9:1-4 and in Romans 10:1,2 Paul's heart's desire was for Israel that they might be saved. Israel still existed, but as an unsaved people.

    These are just some of many reasons why Israel still remains a separate nation today and why the church cannot be considered a replacement, a fulfilment, or even a type of Israel. God has called out a new nation unto himself.

    1 Peter 2:9 But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar people; that ye should shew forth the praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light:

    This is not the replacement or the fulfillment of Israel.
     
  18. TCGreek

    TCGreek New Member

    Joined:
    Sep 12, 2006
    Messages:
    7,373
    Likes Received:
    0
    But somone else would take this same data and conclude that the church has replaced Israel.
     
  19. DHK

    DHK <b>Moderator</b>

    Joined:
    Jul 13, 2000
    Messages:
    37,982
    Likes Received:
    137
    If the church and Israel existed alongside each other how could one have replaced the other? Even the Apostles recognized this.
     
  20. TCGreek

    TCGreek New Member

    Joined:
    Sep 12, 2006
    Messages:
    7,373
    Likes Received:
    0
    I do not doubt that a distinction existed between ethnic Israel and the church, but what should we make of such passages:

    1. "that He might reconcile both [Jews and Gentiles] to God in one body [church] through the cross and put the hostility to death by it" (Eph. 2:16)

    2. "There is no Jew or Greek, slave or free, male or female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus" (Gal. 3:28).

    What ever distinction existed in the mind of Paul, it must not be a spiritual one, because both Jews and Gentiles are offered the same spiritual salvation in Christ and a part of the one body, with ethnic being lost.
     
Loading...