Passover of Yahweh in Leviticus 23

Passover to Pentecost


Introduction

23:9 And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying,

23:9 καὶ ἐλάλησε κύριος πρὸς Μωυσήν λέγων


10a Speak unto the sons of Israel

10a [דַּבֵּ֞ר dab·bêr][אֶל־ ’el-][בְּנֵ֤י bə·nê][ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ yiś·rā·’êl]

10a είπον τοις ὑιοίς Ισραὴλ


and say unto them

[וְאָמַרְתָּ֣ wə·’ā·mar·tā][אֲלֵהֶ֔ם ’ă·lê·hem]

και ìερείς πρὸς αυτούς

Day of sacrifice.....

“Fourteenth day of the First Month” Ex12:6 Lv23:5; 21,22; 10,11a Joshua 5:10

10b When you come into the land that

[כִּֽי־ kî-][תָבֹ֣אוּ ṯā·ḇō·’ū][אֶל־ ’el-][הָאָ֗רֶץ hā·’ā·reṣ][אֲשֶׁ֤ר ’ă·šer]

Όταν εισέλθητε εις την γην ην

I give to you

[אֲנִי֙ ’ă·nî][נֹתֵ֣ן nō·ṯên][לָכֶ֔ם lā·ḵem]

εγώ δίδωμι υμίν

and would reap the/its harvest then you shall bring offering

[וּקְצַרְתֶּ֖ם* ūqəṣartem][אֶת־ ’eṯ-][קְצִירָ֑הּ qəṣîrāh][וַהֲבֵאתֶ֥ם* wahăḇêṯem]

Και θερίζητε τον θερισμόν αυτής και οίσετε

a / the sheaf of the firstfruits of your harvest

[אֶת־ ’eṯ-][עֹ֛מֶר ‘ō·mer][רֵאשִׁ֥ית rê·šîṯ][קְצִירְכֶ֖ם qə·ṣî·rə·ḵem]

το δράγμα απαρχήν του θερισμού υμών

unto the priest

[אֶל־ ’el-][הַכֹּהֵֽן׃ hak·kō·hên.]

προς τον ιερέα

21 Ye shall proclaim the BONE Day the Selfsame

[וּקְרָאתֶ֞ם* ūqərāṯem][בְּעֶ֣צֶם bə‘eṣem][הַיּ֣וֹם hayyōwm][הַזֶּ֗ה hazzeh]

an assembly holy it may be to you any

[מִֽקְרָא־ miqrā-][קֹ֙דֶשׁ֙ qōḏeš][יִהְיֶ֣ה yihyeh][לָכֶ֔ם lāḵem][כָּל־ kāl-]

you shall call this day[1] a convocation it shall be holy to you.

καλέσετε ταύτην την ημέραν[1] κλητή αγία έσται υμίν

work shall you do [therein it shall be] a statute

[מְלֶ֥אכֶת mə·le·ḵeṯ][עֲבֹדָ֖ה ‘ă·ḇō·ḏāh][לֹ֣א lō][תַעֲשׂ֑וּ ṯa·‘ă·śū][חֻקַּ֥ת ḥuq·qaṯ]

No servile work you shall not do on it; it is a law eternal

Παν έργον λατρευτόν ου ποιήσετε εν αυτή νόμιμον αιώνιον

forever in all your dwellings

[עוֹלָ֛ם ‘ōwlām][בְּכָל־ bəḵāl][מוֹשְׁבֹ֥תֵיכֶ֖ם mōwōšəḇōṯêḵem]

throughout your generations

[לְדֹרֹֽתֵיכֶֽם׃ lə·ḏō·rō·ṯê·ḵem.]

to your people in all your dwellings.

εις τας γενεάς υμών εν πάση κατοικία υμών.

22 ye would cut off, level, reap[2a] the harvest of your land

[וּֽבְקֻצְרְכֶ֞ם* ū·ḇə·quṣ·rə·ḵem][קְצִ֣יר qə·ṣîr][אַרְצְכֶ֗ם ’ar·ṣə·ḵem]

and pick up gather bind the land’s spring harvest and bring in

καὶ θερίζητε[1] τὸν θερισμὸν αυτῆς καὶ οίσετε[2b]

the first sheaf of your harvest to the priest.

το δράγμα ἀπαρχὴν του θερισμού ὑμών πρὸς τὸν ìερέα.

not shall you make clean riddance of the corners of your field

[לֹֽא־ lō-][תְכַלֶּ֞ה ṯə·ḵal·leh][פְּאַ֤ת pə·’aṯ][שָֽׂדְךָ֙ śā·ḏə·ḵā]

when you reap and/any gleaning of your harvest

[וּֽקְרָאתֶ֞ם ū·ḇə·quṣ·rə·ḵem][וְלֶ֥קֶט wə·le·qeṭ][קְצִירְךָ֖ qə·ṣî·rə·ḵā]

neither shall you gather them; to the poor and to the stranger

[לֹ֣א lō][תְלַקֵּ֑ט ṯə·laq·qêṭ] [לֶֽעָנִ֤י le·‘ā·nî][וְלַגֵּר֙ wə·lag·gêr]

you shall leave them I [am] the LORD your God

[תַּעֲזֹ֣ב ta·‘ă·zōḇ][אֹתָ֔ם ’ō·ṯām][אֲנִ֖י ’ă·nî][יְהוָ֥ה Yah·weh][אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃ ’ĕ·lō·hê·ḵem.]

.....day of sacrifice.


Bringing in the sheaf.....BURIAL.....

“Fifteenth day of the First Month” “the Selfsame BONE Day” Ex12:8-18,41,42,51;13:3-14 Lv23:6-8, 21,22; 10c,11a,14 Nb33:3-8 Dt6:20-25 Acts2:25-35 Mk15:42,46 Mt27:59 Jn19:38,40,42 1Cor15:4

11A And he shall lay* the sheaf before` the LORD

[וְהֵנִ֧יף*wəhênîp̄][אֶת־ ’eṯ-][הָעֹ֛מֶר hā‘ōmer][לִפְנֵ֥י lip̄nê][יְהוָ֖הYahweh]

11A And he shall lay the sheaf open[3]

11A Καὶ ἀνοίσει[3] τὸ δράγμα

before the LORD to be accepted[4] for you.

[לִֽרְצֹנְכֶ֑ם lir·ṣō·nə·ḵem.]

lay the sheaf down before the LORD in store for you.

καὶ ἀνοίσει τὸ δράγμα ἔναντι Κυρίου δεκτόν ὑμίν.

.....sheaf brought in ... BURIED

 

Sheaf revealed and moved BEFORE THE LORD ....

“The sixteenth day of the First Month” “first” “day counted” to the “fiftieth day” Ex14:13-15:21 Lv23:6 2Chr29:17

11B The day-after the sabbath the first day (ye shall count)

[מִֽמָּחֳרַת֙ mim·mā·ḥo·raṯ][5] [הַשַּׁבָּ֔ת haš·šab·bāṯ]

shall wave it the priest

[יְנִיפֶ֖נּוּ* yə·nî·p̄en·nū][הַכֹּהֵֽן׃ hak·kō·hên.]

the priest shall reveal[7] it again.

11B Τῇ ἐπαύριον τῆς πρώτης[6] ἀνοίσει[7] αυτὸ ὁ ìερεύς.

12 And you shall offer on That Day[9] when you wave[8] it

[וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֕ם wa·‘ă·śî·ṯem][בְּי֥וֹם bə·yō·wm][הֲנִֽיפְכֶ֖ם hă·nî·p̄ə·ḵem][אֶת־ ’eṯ-]

12 Καὶ ποιήσετε ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ[9] ῇ ἄν φέρητε[8] τὸ δράγμα

the sheaf a lamb without blemish male of the first year

[הָעֹ֑מֶר hā·‘ō·mer][כֶּ֣בֶשׂ ke·ḇeś][תָּמִ֧ים tā·mîm][בֶּן־ ben-][שְׁנָת֛וֹ šə·nā·ṯōw]

for a burnt offering to the LORD.

[לְעֹלָ֖ה lə·‘ō·lāh][לַיהוָֽה׃ Yah·weh.]

13 and the grain offering [shall be] thereof two tenth deals

[וּמִנְחָתוֹ֩* ū·min·ḥā·ṯōw][שְׁנֵ֨י šə·nê][עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים ‘eś·rō·nîm]

13 with its sacrifice two tenths of fine flour

13 και την θυσίαν αυτού δύο δέκατα σεμιδάλεως

of fine flour mixed with oil an offering made by fire

[סֹ֣לֶת sō·leṯ][בְּלוּלָ֥ה bə·lū·lāh][בַשֶּׁ֛מֶן ḇaš·še·men][אִשֶּׁ֥ה ’iš·šeh]

being prepared in olive oil, a sacrifice to the Lord for a scent

αναπεποιημένης εν ελαίω θυσίαν τω Κυρίω εις οσμήν

to the LORD [for] a savor sweet and the drink offering

[לַיהוָ֖ה Yah·weh][רֵ֣יחַ rê·aḥ][נִיחֹ֑חַ nî·ḥō·aḥ][וְנִסְכֹּ֥ה wə·nis·kōh]

of pleasant aroma to the Lord and its libation to the fourth of the hin of wine

οίνου ευωδίας τω Κυρίω και σπονδήν αυτού το τέταρτον του ιν

thereof of wine a fourth [part] of a hin

[יַ֖יִן ya·yin][רְבִיעִ֥ת rə·ḇî·‘iṯ][הַהִֽין׃ ha·hîn.]

14 and bread nor parched grain nor green ears neither

[וְלֶחֶם֩ wə·le·ḥem][וְקָלִ֨י wə·qā·lî][וְכַרְמֶ֜ל wə·ḵar·mel][לֹ֣א lō]

14 and bread and parched green new wheat you shall not eat

14 και άρτον και πεφρυγμένα χίδρα νέα ου φάγεσθε

you shall eat it/at BONE the Day the Selfsame*

[תֹֽאכְל֗וּ ṯō·ḵə·lū][עַד־ ‘aḏ-][עֶ֙צֶם֙ ‘e·ṣem][הַיּ֣וֹם hay·yō·wm][הַזֶּ֔ה haz·zeh]

until whenever you should offer the gifts to your God a law forever *‘the one’

έως αν προσενέγκητε υμεις τα δώρα τω θεώ υμών νόμιμον αιώνιον

that you have brought (it) an offering to your God

[עַ֚ד ‘aḏ][הֲבִ֣יאֲכֶ֔ם hăḇî’ăḵem][אֶת־ ’eṯ-][קָרְבַּ֖ן qārəban][אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֑ם ’ĕlōhêḵem]

[it shall be] a statute forever throughout your generations

[חֻקַּ֤ת ḥuq·qaṯ][עוֹלָם֙ ‘ō·w·lām][לְדֹרֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם lə·ḏō·rō·ṯê·ḵem]

in all your dwellings

[בְּכֹ֖ל bə·ḵōl][מֹשְׁבֹֽתֵיכֶֽם׃ mō·šə·ḇō·ṯê·ḵem.]

to your generations in all your dwellings

εις τας γενεάς υμών εν πάση κατοικία υμών

while this (Selfsame) BONE day the day the one same

[עֶ֙צֶם֙ ‘e·ṣem הַיּ֣וֹם hay·yō·wm הַזֶּ֔ה haz·zeh,

έως εις αυτήν ημέραν ταύτην

15a And you shall count for yourself

[וּסְפַרְתֶּ֤ם ūr·sǝ·par·tem לָכֶם֙ lā·ḵem]

15 και αριθμήσετε υμίν

from / including (16 Abib) the day after

[מִמָּחֳרַ֣ת* mim·mā·ḥo·raṯ]

από της επαύριον[10]

the sabbath (of passover feast 15 Abib)

[הַשַּׁבָּ֔ת ha·šab·bāṯ]

των σαββάτων[11]

... sheaf revealed and moved BEFORE THE LORD.

 

Feast of Weeks of Harvest.....

15b from the day that you brought (it) the sheaf

[מִיּוֹם֙ mî·yō·wm][הֲבִ֣יאֲכֶ֔םאֶת־ hă·ḇî·’ă·ḵem’eṯ-][עֹ֖מֶר ‘ō·mer]

από της ημέρας ης αν προσενέγκητε το δράγμα

of the increase offering (you shall count for yourself)

[הַתְּנוּפָ֑ה hat·tə·nū·p̄āh][לָכֶם֙ lā·ḵem]

του επιθέματος (αριθμήσετε υμίν)

seven Sabbaths complete there shall be

[שֶׁ֥בַע še·ḇa‘ שַׁבָּת֖וֹת šab·bā·ṯō·wṯ תְּמִימֹ֥ת tə·mî·mōṯ תִּהְיֶֽינָה׃ tih·ye·nāh]

έπτά εβδομάδας ολοκλήρους - periods of seven entire[12]

16a Even to the day … after … the Sabbath … the seventh

[עַ֣ד ‘ad מִֽמָּחֳרַ֤ת mim·mā·ḥo·raṯ הַשַּׁבָּת֙ haš·šab·bāṯ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔ת haš·šə·ḇî·‘iṯ]

shall you number fifty days.

[תִּסְפְּר֖וּ tis·pə·rū חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים ḥă·miš·šîm י֑וֹם yō·wm]

αριθμήσετε πεντήκοντα ημέρας

[[LXX error

until the next day of the last period of seven[13] you shall count fifty days

έως της επαύριον της εσχάτης έβδομάδος[13] αριθμήσετε πεντήκοντα ημέρας]]

.....feast of weeks of harvest full.




Shavuot Pentecost

16b and you shall offer a grain offering new to the LORD.

[וְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֛ם wə·hiq·raḇ·tem מִנְחָ֥ה min·ḥāh חֲדָשָׁ֖ה ḥă·ḏā·šāh לַיהוָֽה׃ Yah·weh.]

and you shall bring sacrifice offering a new to the Lord.

και προσοίσετε θυσίαν νέαν τω κυρίω.

17 From your dwelling 19 Then you shall sacrifice

[עֲשִׂיתֶ֛ם wa·‘ă·śî·ṯem מִמּוֹשְׁבֹ֨תֵיכֶ֜ם mim·mō·wō·šǝ·bō·tê·kem]

you shall bring two loaves wave bread

[תָּבִ֣יאּוּ tā·ḇî’·’ū שְׁ֚תַּיִם ta·yim לֶ֣חֶם le·ḥem תְּנוּפָ֗ה tə·nū·p̄āh]

two tenth deals of fine flour they shall be with leaven

[שְׁנֵ֣י šə·nê עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים ‘eś·rō·nîm סֹ֣לֶת sō·leṯ תִּהְיֶ֔ינָה tih·ye·nāh חָמֵ֖ץ ḥā·mêṣ]

They shall be baked first fruits to Yahweh.

[תֵּאָפֶ֑ינָה tê·’ā·p̄e·nāh בִּכּוּרִ֖ים bik·kū·rîm לַֽיהוָֽה׃ Yah·weh]

18 And you shall offer

[וְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֣ם wə·hiq·raḇ·tem

18 to 20


Notes

14 ‘nuph’ present, offer

http://biblehub.com/hebrew/5130.htm

…the priest lifted his share of offering and waved it, i.e. moved it toward altar and back, in token of its presentation to God and its return by him to priest:…Levites are set apart for service of the priests Numbers 8:11 … of entire lamb, with oil, Leviticus 14:12,24, and of offerings which were burnt, entirely Exodus 29:24 … so, clearly, of contributions for tabernacle, = offer ׳הֵנִיף תְּנוּפַת זָהָב לְי Exodus 35:22. Numbers 8:13

‘nuph’ lifted (1), offer (1), present (5), presented (6), shake...back and forth (1), shakes (1), shed abroad (1), sprinkled (1), wave (13), waved (1), waving (1), wield (3), wielded (1), wielding (1), wields (1).



11b ‘bo’ ‘yənîp̄ennū’ יְנִיפֶ֖נּוּ bring, gather, harvest 2 Samuel 9:10 bring into Nehemiah 13:15 show Haggai 1:6


10, 22 ‘qatsar’ וּקְצַרְתֶּ֖ם וַהֲבֵאתֶ֥ם reap; join/bind together, collect


21 ‘qara’ וּקְרָאתֶ֞ם call, proclaim, read, recite


11b, 15 ‘mochorath’ / ‘mochoratham’ ‘the morrow’ KJV; ‘next day’x18 ‘day after’x5 ‘next’x4 ‘next morning’x3 ‘following day’x2 NASB



[1 LXX error]

[2 ‘qatsar’ “cut off”, “reap”, “shorten” Lv23:22 “You would reap the first sheaf of the harvest”. NT “the first day they killed the lamb”.]

[3a “bring sheaf”, “the third hour” Mark 15:25 Lukas 23:33,34 Matteus 27:35,38 Johannes 19: 17,18a]

[3b οίσετε (φέρω) “conserve” Hb16:9 “endure” Hb12:20 “reserve” 1Pt1:13 “uphold” Hb1:3]

[4 ἀνοίσει (ἀνοίγω) “lay open”, “expose”, “display”]

[5 δεκτόν (δέχομαι) LXX “accept”]

[6 “next day” (morrow) Hebrew ‘mochorath’. LXX in Leviticus 23:11b is an error. The fifteenth day of the month was “The First Day Unleavened Bread” was eaten in “That Night to be solemnly observed” Exodus 12:41,42.]

[7 “the day ye must (first) count”. ‘ἐπαύριον’ is an error.]

[8 ἀνοίσει (ἀνοίγω-ἀνά+οίγω) “open”, “reveal again”]

[9 φέρητε – Hebrew ‘nuph’ - “wave”, “shake” in contrast with “lay down an offering”]

[10 “That Day” viz., “the Selfsame BONE Day” 23:14; cf., Exodus 12:14,17; 41,42; 51.]

[11,12 ‘after the morning’; ‘of the sabbaths’ LXX errors]

[13 έπτά εβδομάδας - periods of seven LXX error]