I don't the historical answer to your question, tfisher, but I know a little about our local area. As best as I have been able to discover, the original pattern here (going back to 1830/40) was Saturday evening and Sunday morning, once-a-month. The conference (business meeting) was on Saturday and included "divine services" - singing and preaching before the conference. Another service of singing and preaching (and for some, Sunday School) was held on Sunday morning. This seems to have been the "standard." One thing that governed this was the scarcity of preachers and the hardships of travel. The scarcity of preachers, combined with the desire for more frequent services, was a factor that brought part of the change. Two churches might share a preacher on the same weekend, so some adjustments of the schedule of one (or both) would be necessary for him to make his rounds. This brought on some of the Sunday evening/night services in our area. A preacher might preach at one church on Saturday morning and Saturday evening/night, then head to another church for Sunday morning and Sunday evening/night. More accessibility and other factors would combine to change many churches to twice-a-month services, and then later to every Sunday/weekend services. By the 1940's, probably most Southern Baptists were having service every weekend. Others (such as Free Will & Missionary) straggled behind until the 50's & 60's before most of their churches were consistently meeting each weekend. The Primitive Baptists would maintain their once-a-month tradition much longer. Most of the Regular (Limited Predestinarian) Primitive Baptists here have service each weekend, though only on Sunday morning. The Absolute Predestinarian Primitive Baptists usually have services on Saturday morning and Sunday morning, once-a-month. Rural electification played some part in having services at night very often becoming practical. This came in the 40's & 50's to our area.
This doesn't help a lot, but it does make me realize that what many think is the only way to "have church" - Sunday morning and Sunday night - is of fairly recent origin.