I heard both, but also another position or two. We heard from our various profs that JEDP is out dated (like the so many of the suits they were wearing) and there are some other options out there. The "party-line" was Moses...but they would inevitably wink and give reasons it probably wasn't Moses.
About the same as above...but I never heard any really good arguments for Redacted.
Again we heard all the positions and here I actually had a prof that was in the "liberal" camp suggesting a dual authorship.
Oh I never heard a word about figurative.
Yes. I say that because I heard that parts were written before and parts written during and parts written afterwards. That was pretty straightforward.
Named authors were almost universally recognized and acclaimed. I do believe that Mark is the first Gospel and is probably the "Q document" for Matthew and Luke. Being that Mark was (imho) transcribed by named author at Peter's bedside it might make sense that way.
We never really got into a Q discussion though. Of course I took NT during a, um, tenuous transition between powers. Nowadays the fundamentalists have taken over and (by reports) there are only whispers of such liberal machinations in the hallways.
So you didn't add a most important set of questions:
Pauline authorship of all, most, or a few of his books?
Peter as author of 2 Peter or was that pseudonymity?
Who was James? Brother of Jesus or some other bloke?